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Did you know a pepper becomes a chile when it is picked & dried?

A green jalapeño or cuaresmeño becomes chipotle. A poblano turns to an ancho.

This infographic from El Jornalero provides a simplified look at some of the most common names of Mexican capsicum peppers & chiles. #food #science
This entry was edited (1 year ago)
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Do they dry habaneros? What’s that called? (It’s my favorite pepper.)
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

huh! I did not know this and I have been making Mexican food for 50 years. Thanks
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I've never been able to remember the associations. This may end up on my fridge!
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

As a thoroughly white person who grew up in thoroughly white Midwest suburbia, I have never heard of this. Thank you for sharing! I think it is time to dive into some Wikipedia rabbit holes.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Fresh or dried, they all have that nasty neurotoxin that isn't a flavor (capsaicin). Somebody needs to breed a hybrid that has all the flavor and NONE of the neurotoxin, so that supertasters aren't excluded from the party.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Incidentally, I’m researching chiles & the science of how we experience spice for an upcoming episode for season 4 of Serving Up Science. I welcome suggestions, ideas & anecdotes.

Personally, intense ‘heat’ tends to make me cough & sniffle. And since I know I’ll be tasting different peppers & chiles throughout, it’s going to be an interesting one to film. /2 🌶🌶
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

there's a fair bit of difference between fresh and dried chili heat and receptors (in different people) so heat experience can be quite different.
Has to do with the different capsaicinoids and their differential break down (when heated or dried)
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

The first time I put a chili pepper in my mouth, I was about 11. A friend's father grew them in their yard. His son offered me one. I took a bite.

Some friend, lol.

For the next 20 minutes, regardless of how much milk I drank, I was one sweaty, snotty, uncomfortable kid. Everyone had a good laugh (but me).

Now I love them, but I avoid really hot varieties. I remember that 11-year-old kid.
in reply to Bob Blaskiewicz

@rjblaskiewicz I’m sure I won’t go too hot. But Im considering bringing on a knowledgeable guest with better tolerance.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I would have assumed that it's impossible for you not to go too hot, Sheril. 😄
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Heheh. Yeah, when I see people chowing down on the really hot ones, it looks like they are having an extreme drug reaction. In college, a local wings place would put your photo on a wall if you could eat an entire basket of their hottest wings. I couldn't finish a single wing. Possibly even a bite. Eye-meltingly hot. I'm pretty sure I was unpleasant company for the rest of the night!
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I am interested in Mexican gourmet food using the capsicum or heat of peppers with savory or sweet sauces or Mole. The cooking ideas originate from Oaxaca region mostly.
in reply to Jim colahan

@Jdcolahan My favorite mole outside of what you can get while dining in Mexico is made in Oaxaca https://yaoaxaca.com
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Hello! I'm writing from Mexico, where we use chile a lot, as you no doubt know.
Here we have a kind of tradition: if someone asks how hot a particular variety of chile is, we always underestimate it in our answer. A rule of thumb is that a chile pepper is two or three notches *hotter* than what the other person says it is.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Look into chili tepin (aka Chiltepin) which are as hot -or hotter- than most habanero, but don't burn. The heat is fast, but doesn't build.

Sichuan peppers are hot, but have an entirely different mechanism and thus are an entirely different experience.

Also birds don't get the burn from capsicum, which is why those bastard mockingbirds steal my precious chili tepins. They just think they are cute, sweet, red berries.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

This is one of my favorite spice topics! I have a slight pepper obsession. 🌶
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

NMSU guide to scientific measurement of chile heat https://pubs.nmsu.edu/_h/H237/
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Don't neglect my favorite pepper of all, habaneros! They have such a wonderful fruity flavor, much more complex than other varieties. There are some related South American varieties that have a similar flavor but less heat.

Manazanas are my other favorite, but they're pretty hard to find.

I was raised on hot food, so I guess I developed a tolerance for it early. I remember when I was 9, I made some hot sauce that was too hot for any of the adults to eat. I thought it was tasty.

@Sheril
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

For me, heat enhances a meal. Yes, it opens the nasal airways, but I think that contributes to more flavor / intensity.

But I like flavor and not just heat and it's so easy to overdue it.

Funny story - my wife grows and dries tons of chiles and had a basket of scotch bonnets sitting in a bowl on the counter. My eldest son came by and saw them (they are rather tiny) and popped one in his mouth and almost instantly regretted it.

The other anecdote is that you can't really wash the oil off your hands and after cutting a few Thai chile peppers with my bare hands, I rubbed my eye about 30 minutes later and was in intense pain for the next 10-15 minutes. (the only way I've learned is you can dilute the oil by rubbing vegetable oil on your hands to lessen the impact - or wear gloves while processing them)

Good luck with the epidosde!
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I had a chilli salad in Thailand 😀 It was just chopped chillies with soy, lime and peanut. It was delicious, but I was unable to talk for about half an hour from the intense heat. The one thing that helped with the heat was having more, which just made it more intense!
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I found this article about their history interesting, particularly about how the hot pepper spread through the world's cuisine and also how the confusing naming of using the word pepper happened. https://www.legalnomads.com/history-chili-peppers/
This entry was edited (1 year ago)
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Internet flashed lipgloss with pepper, claiming to produce pink, plump lips. THAT I had to try. BUT with DIY gloss.
I had a 'Madame Jeanette'. So; sap on the lips, with cream.
It felt nice. Until it no longer did. And really burned. I could not rinse it off! The mirror showed me the red was halfway my nose. It was all thick and red.
10 minutes later, with burning lips, I withstood the important meeting with a client I had been preparing for. I kept my cool, but the heat, the looks...
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

you might want to reach out to Nina Mukherjee Furstenau. She’s a food writer and delightful. She wrote a book on green chilis: https://www.ninafurstenau.com
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I actually love hot and spicy food. I haven’t found a limit to how much heat I can stand. But I don’t try to set records everytime. A nice healthy dose will do. I have a lot of environmental allergies and spicy food naturally suppresses my congestion for a day or two after the heat subsides.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

In dried form, many are not simply spice but sweetness, smokiness and body. Anchos are probably the best example on the list above, transforming from a sour green pepper into slightly spicy fruit leather.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

“hot” spice does not register with me as heat, just pain. It makes me shovel the food down as fast as I can just for the comfort of the other sensations: the sweet, sour, salty, bitter, the textures, and the feeling of getting full.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I like a variety 🌶️ (and honey/sugar) as long as I wash my hands 😭, but with all of the fake news and shootings one can probabaly conclude the Alt Right heat is on 🔥 . Thanks for keeping us up to date with such a difficult task. https://www.scienceabc.com/nature/how-capsaicin-led-to-the-2021-nobel-prize-in-physiology.html#:~:text=Capsaicin%20activates%20the%20receptors%20present%20in%20the%20skin,receptors%20responsible%20for%20stimulation%20caused%20by%20moderate%20heat.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

In the interest of science, I’ll share that, for me, food is spicy when it makes me hiccup.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I love jalapeno but hate chipotle. I don't understand why the drying alters the taste so much. Is that part of your research?
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Thank you Sheril, my eyes have been opened and dried chillies rubbed in them etc…
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

@KarenStrickholm And if you’re Frito-Lay, mass producing Tostitos salsa, you don’t bother drying them, you just use the stale (bitter) ones for “Hot”, the slightly less stale ones for “Medium”, and the recent arrivals for “Mild”.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Interesting! What I find especially confusing are the different names of pepper, black pepper, chili, etc. in different languages. In English we have (bell) pepper and chili which are basically the same thing, just with different "hotness" as well as black pepper. In German we call both pepper and chili "Paprika" although "Chili" has become more popular for spicy Paprika as well.

Black Pepper is called "Pfeffer" i.e., completely different from Paprika/Chili as it's something completely different botanically as well.

However, when referring to bell pepper, there also exists the name "Spanischer Pfeffer" for added inconsistency. Of course there's also "Cajenne Pfeffer" which is similarly no "Pfeffer" at all.

That's only the half of it and it's a mess!
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

as someone who only eats sweet peppers I'm wondering if this holds for them as well?
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Correction: chile is the word in Spanish for all those peppers, fresh or dried. A fresh chile of one name may change names when dry, but they're all still chiles.
Bell peppers, however, are pimientos in Spanish, pepper seasoning is pimienta, and paprika is pimentón.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Kind of amazing. I may have to try growing some jalapeños this year and turning them into chipotles.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

I love this! And I really love cascabel peppers, sooo yummy.
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

In India, the term 'chili' is used for both fresh and dried peppers (and never for soup!)
in reply to Sheril Kirshenbaum

Cool, now I know why the Chili Colorado dinners at Mexican restaurants are named that!

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