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French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur was born #OTD in 1822
He is renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him. His research in chemistry led to remarkable breakthroughs in the understanding of the causes & preventions of diseases, which laid down the foundations of hygiene, public health & much of modern medicine.
Louis Pasteur at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=louis+pasteur&submit_search=Go%21
Books: louis pasteur (sorted by popularity)
Project Gutenberg offers 72,437 free eBooks for Kindle, iPad, Nook, Android, and iPhone.Project Gutenberg
The first message between two computers on ARPANET was sent #OTD in 1969. The “LO” of “LOGIN” was successfully transmitted and then one of the systems crashed.
Charles Kline’s IMP Log: “Talked to SRI host to host.”
Image: UCLA Kleinrock Center for Internet Studies
Happy 115th birthday, spacetime!
Hermann Minkowski addressed the 80th Assembly of German Natural Scientists and Physicians #OTD in 1908, offering a radical four-dimensional reformulation of Einstein's theory of special relativity.
His opening lines:
The Voyager 1 space probe was launched from Cape Canaveral #OTD in 1977, a few weeks after Voyager 2.
Now it's the most distant human-made object – about 14.96 billion miles from Earth, racing away from us at 38,000 miles per hour with respect to the Sun.
Images: NASA/KSC/JPL
Geneticist Liane Russell was born #OTD in 1923.
She pioneered the study of mutagenesis and teratogenesis due to radiation, and identified the role of the Y chromosome in sex determination. Her work led to diagnostic x-ray safety standards for women of childbearing age.
Science, the joy of wild places, and civic engagement as a response to fascism – this is one of my favorite threads.
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek died #OTD in 1723.
A largely self-taught man in science, he is commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists and microbiologists. Van Leeuwenhoek is best known for his pioneering work in microscopy and for his contributions toward the establishment of microbiology as a scientific discipline. via @wikipedia
Books by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/8336
Books by Leeuwenhoek, Antoni van (sorted by popularity)
Project Gutenberg offers 71,410 free eBooks for Kindle, iPad, Nook, Android, and iPhone.Project Gutenberg
Hey, that's us!
#OTD in 1959, Explorer 6 took the first photo of Earth ever taken by a satellite! It transmitted this image of a sunlit portion of the north central Pacific Ocean.
See more of the first photos of Earth from space: https://go.nasa.gov/3DzVhhQ
#NASAhistory
3 days after being released from quarantine, Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins were showered with ticker tape and cheered on by an exuberant crowd in New York City #OTD in 1969.
More about the celebrations: https://go.nasa.gov/3Ov84Hl
#NASAhistory
A Soaring Success!
#OTD in 1977, NASA's first space shuttle orbiter Enterprise completed its first free flight, with Fred Haise and Gordon Fullerton piloting it down to the runway at @NASAArmstrong.
Watch video from the flight: https://go.nasa.gov/4557hE3
#NASAhistory
Approach and Landing Tests Film Documentary
Documentary of shuttle Enterprise on the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA), separating from the SCA in flight, and in free-flight. Footage shows SCA pilots Fitz...YouTube
#OTD in 2011, NASA's Dawn spacecraft captured these images of the asteroid Vesta on its mission to characterize the processes of our solar system's early evolution.
More about Dawn's mission: https://go.nasa.gov/47d7qXB
#NASAhistory
Overview | Dawn – NASA Solar System Exploration
Dawn was the first mission to orbit a dwarf planet and the first two orbit two bodies in the main asteroid belt.NASA Solar System Exploration
#OTD in 2005, STS-114 completed the Space Shuttle Program's 14-day "Return to Space" mission, the first after the tragic loss of Columbia 2.5 years earlier.
More: https://go.nasa.gov/45cQfnh
#NASAhistory
STS-114 - NASA
STS-114 was the first Return to Flight mission since the tragic loss of Columbia Feb. 1, 2003. Two and a half years were spent researching and implementing safety improvements for orbiters and external tanks.Empty Test
#OTD 5 years ago, NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) captured its first light image, showing a wide swath of the southern sky using all four of its wide field cameras (image from one camera shown here).
Read about what TESS is up to now: https://go.nasa.gov/3OGqvKE
#NASAhistory
Transiting Exoplanets Survey Satellite (TESS) - Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System
NASA’s Exoplanet Exploration Program, the search for planets and life beyond our solar system.Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System
#OTD in 1971, the Apollo 15 Command Module "Endeavour," with astronauts Dave Scott, Al Worden and Jim Irwin aboard, splashed down in the Pacific Ocean to end their mission. Although 1 of the 3 main parachutes collapsed, the crew was unharmed.
Read: https://go.nasa.gov/3QixFFR
#NASAhistory
Owen Garriott (shown here) and his Skylab 3 crewmates performed a nearly 6.5 hour spacewalk #OTD in 1973 to install a 2-pole sunshade, change the film on the Apollo Telescope Mount, and install and repair equipment for experiments. #Skylab50
Learn more: https://go.nasa.gov/47rmpNR
#NASAhistory
50 Years Ago: Second Skylab Crew Begins Record-Breaking Mission
On July 28, 1973, the second crew to occupy Skylab, American’s first space station, lifted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida on a planned two-month mission, at the time the longest human spaceflight.Kelli Mars (NASA)
Did Mars ever have the right conditions to support life?
#OTD in 2012, the @MarsCuriosity rover landed on the Red Planet. Sampling Martian rocks over 19 miles and 11 years, Curiosity continues to shine a light on Mars's history.
Where is Curiosity now? https://go.nasa.gov/3YksJT8
#NASAhistory
Home | Curiosity – NASA’s Mars Exploration Program
NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission, Curiosity is the largest and most capable rover ever sent to Mars. View the latest news, images, and discoveries from the Red Planet.NASA Mars Exploration
More than what meets the eye...
@NASAJuno launched on its 5-year journey to Jupiter #OTD in 2011. It has revealed what's under the planet's outer layer of swirling clouds, and provided unprecedented views of Jupiter and its moons.
What is Juno up to now? https://go.nasa.gov/456QkZw
#NASAhistory
Juno - Jupiter Missions - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Launch and mission summary for NASA's Juno Mission to Jupiter, which will help reveal the origin and evolution of Jupiter as well as our solar system.NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
#NASAMars
NASA's Curiosity Rover Faces Its Toughest Climb Yet on Mars
Shortly before the rover’s 11th anniversary on the Red Planet, its team helped guide it up a steep, slippery slope to examine meteor craters.NASA Mars Exploration
Phoenix is so hot! 🔥
The Phoenix Mars Lander that is. #OTD in 2007, Phoenix was launched to the Red Planet on a mission to investigate the biological potential in Mars's icy far North. @NASAMars @NASAJPL
Dig in to its chilly findings: https://go.nasa.gov/459vyZb
#NASAhistory
15 Years Ago: Phoenix Mars Lander Launches to the Red Planet
Mars has long fascinated us as a place possibly once hospitable to life. The early robotic missions of the 1960s relayed images of a Moon-like cratered terrain with a forbiddingly cold and thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide.Kelli Mars (NASA)
The first spacecraft to orbit Mercury 🛰️
#OTD in 2004, the MESSENGER spacecraft launched to Mercury. It returned nearly 300,000 images over its 4 years in Mercury's orbit, revealing past volcanic activity and the presence of water ice.
Learn more: https://go.nasa.gov/454jLvc
#NASAhistory
In Depth | MESSENGER – NASA Solar System Exploration
NASA’s real-time science encyclopedia of deep space exploration. Our scientists and far-ranging robots explore the wild frontiers of our solar system.NASA Solar System Exploration
What could be better than experiments in space? Experiments on the Moon!
#OTD in 1971, Apollo 15 astronaut David Scott performed his feather and hammer experiment on the Moon, demonstrating that without air resistance all objects fall at the same rate. https://go.nasa.gov/47cbHuk
#NASAhistory
The Apollo 15 Hammer-Feather Drop – Moon: NASA Science
At the end of the last Apollo 15 moon walk, Commander David Scott (pictured above) performed a live demonstration for the television cameras.Moon: NASA Science
During their first few days on Skylab, @NASA_Astronauts Al Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma moved slowly to minimize their vertigo as they adjusted to weightlessness.
In this image taken #OTD in 1973, they have a meal together. #Skylab50
More: https://go.nasa.gov/3DG4ULX
#NASAhistory
50 Years Ago: Second Skylab Crew Begins Record-Breaking Mission
On July 28, 1973, the second crew to occupy Skylab, American’s first space station, lifted off from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida on a planned two-month mission, at the time the longest human spaceflight.Kelli Mars (NASA)
Pilot John Manke first flew the X-24B, the "flying flatiron," on a glide flight #OTD in 1973. These glide missions represented the final milestone in NASA's piloted lifting body program that helped write flight plans for space shuttle landings.
More: https://go.nasa.gov/3OCBlAZ
#NASAhistory
NASA Armstrong Fact Sheet: Lifting Bodies
Lifting Bodies demonstrated the ability of pilots to maneuver and safely land a wingless vehicle.NASA
Before 1964, we had no close-up photos of the Moon, and it wasn't known if astronauts could feasibly land on its surface. That changed when Ranger 7 sent back 4,316 images of the lunar surface before impacting the Moon #OTD in 1964.
More about Ranger 7: https://go.nasa.gov/3QhaGv4
#NASAhistory
i love kate because she:
a) clarified her statement about theresa may
b) has been vegetarian forever &, in 1980, schooled delia smith about it
c) has donated to the hunt saboteurs
d) is in a complete league of her own
#kateBush #illustration #portrait #vegetarian #music #huntsabs
Astronauts Dave Scott and Jim Irwin landed the Apollo 15 lunar module "Falcon" at the Hadley-Appenine site on the Moon #OTD in 1971. After landing, Scott performed the only stand-up EVA from the top hatch of the LM ever done.
Learn more about Apollo 15: https://go.nasa.gov/475YuTD
#NASAhistory
Incredible journeys are better with your bestie
#OTD in 2020, the @NASAPersevere rover and Ingenuity helicopter began their adventure to Mars, lifting off from Cape Canaveral at 7:50 AM ET.
More on Perseverance: https://go.nasa.gov/3DN8xzT
And Ingenuity: https://go.nasa.gov/3O5R0HD
#NASAhistory
Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover - NASA
NASA's Mars 2020 Perseverance rover will look for signs of past microbial life, cache rock and soil samples, and prepare for future human exploration.go.nasa.gov
Taken #OTD in 2006, this Hubble shot shows a rare eclipse on Uranus!
The shadow of one of the planets' icy moons, Ariel, is seen on the surface. Ariel is the tiny white dot near the center of the planet.
Find out more about this astronomical alignment: https://go.nasa.gov/43DulbD
#Hubble
Get in Irwin, we're going Moon driving!
Apollo 15, the 4th mission to put humans on the Moon, launched #OTD in 1971. Folded up in the lunar module (LM) was the first Lunar Roving Vehicle, allowing Dave Scott and Jim Irwin to venture farther from the LM. https://go.nasa.gov/43FoEKi
#NASAhistory
NASA Administrator Dr. Thomas Paine (left) and U.S. President Richard M. Nixon wait aboard the U.S.S. Hornet recovery ship for the splashdown of the Apollo 11 command module #OTD in 1969.
Read more about Apollo 11's return to Earth: https://go.nasa.gov/3OghnvV
#NASAhistory
Happy 24th birthday @chandraxray! Seen here just before being deployed from Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-93) #OTD in 1999, this powerful space observatory was initially expected to function for 5 years.
Read how Chandra has vastly advanced X-ray astronomy: https://go.nasa.gov/3OfPXWV
#NASAhistory
Chandra X-ray Observatory
NASA.gov brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. Get the latest updates on NASA missions, watch NASA TV live, and learn about our quest to reveal the unknown and benefit all humankind.NASA
Happy #InternationalMoonDay!
#OTD 54 years ago, the Apollo 11 crew became the first humans to set foot on the lunar surface.
With #Artemis, we will build on Apollo to establish long-term human infrastructure on the Moon.
#NASAArtemis #Artemis
"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind."
Neil Armstrong's famous words upon stepping onto the Moon's surface were witnessed by 650 million people from around the globe #OTD in 1969. Watch ▶️ https://go.nasa.gov/46UfwEf
Do you have recollections of this day?
#NASAhistory
Apollo 11: One Small Step on the Moon for All Mankind
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin spent more than two hours outside their spacecraft on the Moon. They studied the surface. They collected rocks. After almost a...YouTube
#OTD in 1966, John Young and Michael Collins launched for the 3-day Gemini X mission. The astronauts rendezvoused with 2 Agena target vehicles, set a record altitude for humans in space, and performed a spacewalk from one spacecraft to another.
Read more https://go.nasa.gov/3OggYtp
#NASAhistory
Major General Robert White earned his astronaut wings in the X-15 when he reached 95.9 km (59.6 mi) in altitude #OTD in 1962, setting a world record.
Oh, and he was also the first pilot to fly to Mach 4, 5 & 6 #avgeeks #aviation @NASAaero
https://go.nasa.gov/3PLZB4T
📷 @usairforce
#NASAhistory
X-15 Pilot Major Robert M. White
Major Robert M. White is seen here next to the X-15 aircraft after a research flight.Yvonne Gibbs (NASA)
#OTD in 2011, NASA's Dawn spacecraft entered Vesta's orbit, studying the asteroid's geology and composition. Dawn revealed that Vesta is actually a protoplanet surviving from the earliest days of the solar system!
Learn more about the Dawn mission: https://go.nasa.gov/3NSTKrM
#NASAhistory
Overview | Dawn – NASA Solar System Exploration
Dawn was the first mission to orbit a dwarf planet and the first two orbit two bodies in the main asteroid belt.NASA Solar System Exploration
Fueling up for an epic day in spaceflight history 🥩 🍳
Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin were joined by Bill Anders (left) and Deke Slayton (right) for the traditional pre-flight breakfast of steak and eggs hours before liftoff #OTD in 1969.
#NASAhistory
#NASAhistory
#ISS
On This Day in 2011: Final Hook-Up
Space Shuttle Atlantis approached the International Space Station for docking for the last time.go.nasa.gov
