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Items tagged with: virology
@annasimsbiol discusses her new paper on superinfection exclusion in influenza virus https://plos.io/3HXscie and working in a #virology lab during a pandemic
#PLOSBiology #academiclife #AcademicChatter
https://biologue.plos.org/2023/03/22/human-collaboration-to-study-virus-interactions/
Behind the paper: human collaboration to study virus interactions - PLOS Biologue
In this βbehind the paperβ post, Anna Sims discusses her experience working in a virology lab during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic while not working in SARS-COV-2, and the importance of collaboration and discussion with peers in science.PLOS Biology (PLOS Biologue)
"Of Murines and Humans: Modeling Persistent Powassan Disease in C57BL/6 Mice"
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03606-22
π² Specifically, the authors found that the #virus may persist in the brain without creating infectious particles, just as non-infectious measles can persist in the brain indefinitely β and be fatal:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6879001/
#virology #ViralPersistence
Persistent measles infection of the central nervous system: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis - PubMed
Measles can persist in the central nervous system and cause subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a progressive disease that is almost always fatal.PubMed
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS2666-5247(23)00032-0/fulltext
Coupling field and laboratory studies of immunity and infection in zoonotic hosts
The COVID-19 pandemic and discovery of SARS-CoV-2-like viruses in Rhinolophus bats has reinforced the need to identify wildlife sources of zoonotic pathogens and to forecast where and when spillover to humans is likely to occur.The Lancet Microbe
"We observed 5 viral lineages co-circulating in Nha Trang from three DENV serotypes, with two likely to have remained as uninterrupted transmission chains for a decade. This, suggests clade cryptic persistence in the area, even in during periods of low reported incidence."
https://academic.oup.com/ve/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ve/vead012/7043089?rss=1
#virology #viruses #dengue #flaviviruses
A Phylogenetic Study of Dengue Virus in Urban Vietnam shows Long-term Persistence of Endemic Strains
AbstractBackground. DENV causes repeated outbreaks of disease in endemic areas, with patterns of local transmission strongly influenced by seasonality, importatAshall, James (Oxford University Press)
"Collectively, our data support a model where suppression of quorum-regulated virulence factors by Pf4 allows P. aeruginosa to evade detection by innate host immune responses."
https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1010925
#viruses #virology #symbiosis #phage
Tripartite interactions between filamentous Pf4 bacteriophage, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacterivorous nematodes
Author summary Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that infects wounds, lungs, and medical hardware. P. aeruginosa strains are often themselves infected by a filamentous virus (phage) called Pf.journals.plos.org
https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1011145
#virology #viruses
"we show that adenovirus infection leads to a reduction of the quantity and/or enzymatic activity of the APOBEC3B protein depending on the strains. The A12 strain seems less able to resist APOBEC3B than the B3 or C2 strains, a characteristic which could explain the strong depletion of the APOBEC3-targeted motifs in the A12 genome."
https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1011156
#viruses #virology
The APOBEC3B cytidine deaminase is an adenovirus restriction factor
Author summary The APOBEC3B protein is overexpressed in many human tumors and promotes genetic diversity and resistance to drug and oncolytic viruses.journals.plos.org
"More recently flavi-like divergent viruses have been identified in marine invertebrate and vertebrate hosts."
"The striking discovery of gentian Kobu-sho-associated virus (GKaV) expanded the host range of #flavivirus to plants, which was complemented by a recently reported flavi-like virus in carrot."
"Two novel flavi-like viruses shed light on the plant-infecting koshuviruses"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.02.06.527325v1
#virus #virology
Two novel flavi-like viruses shed light on the plant infecting koshuviruses
The family Flaviviridae is composed of viruses with a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome and includes viruses that are important veterinary and human pathogens.bioRxiv
#MarineBiology #Virology #sflorg
https://www.sflorg.com/2023/01/mb01262301.html
New virus discovered in whales, dolphins across the Pacific
A novel virus, potentially fatal to whales and dolphinswww.sflorg.com
π Surprisingly, it found the virus in 50% of animals. 69% of those showed virus in the brain.
Whales are intelligent creatures and probably don't "accidentally" beach themselves on land. If they beach themselves on land, there may be a logical evolutionary explanation.
...Such as fulfilling the need to separate infected individuals from the rest of the group?
#virus #virology
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.945289
Targeted surveillance detected novel beaked whale circovirus in ten new host cetacean species across the Pacific basin
The first cetacean circovirus, beaked whale circovirus (BWCV), was recently reported in a Longmanβs beaked whale (Indopacetus pacificus) stranded in Hawaiβi and represents an emergent disease with unknown population impacts.Frontiers
https://academic.oup.com/ve/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ve/vead008/7008731?rss=1
#viruses #virology
Phylodynamics of deer tick virus in North America
Abstract. The burden of ticks and the pathogens they carry is increasing worldwide. Powassan virus (POWV, Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), the only known North AmericMcMinn, Rebekah J (Oxford University Press)
Viral infection in the oceanβA journey across scales
"Aquatic virology tackles some of the most challenging questions in microbial ecology and oceanography, trying to understand how microorganisms that are invisible to the naked eye can influence large-scale processes, such as biogeochemical cycles, or affect entire marine food webs."
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3001966
#viruses #virology #ocean #marine
Viral infection in the oceanβA journey across scales
Viruses are the most abundant biological entity in the ocean. This Essay journeys across several orders of magnitude of biological organization, time, and space, to investigate interactions between hosts and viruses in the ocean and their relevance fβ¦journals.plos.org
"As of 2 December 2022, over 82,000 human #mpox (or #monkeypox) cases have been laboratory confirmed in 110 countries worldwide."
And sporadic reports are still coming in:
https://c.im/@andrew_a_lover/109673550181706348
This may be what a very very very slow pandemic looks like.
π¦
As a step towards the development of an #antiviral, (Peng et al., 2022) recently elucidated the structure of the mpox DNA polymerase:
"Structure of monkeypox #virus DNA polymerase holoenzyme"
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ade6360
#virology @virology
Andrew Lover (@andrew_a_lover@c.im)
Attached: 1 image New #mpox in CDC EID (title only); seems... important. π Anecdata ----> Case reports ----> (πππ©'π¨ ππͺπ¨π© π¨π©π€π₯ π§ππππ© πππ§π, π¨πππ‘π‘ π¬π? ππ€ π£πππ π©π€ ππ€π£π©ππ£πͺπ.) Case series ----> Epi studies ----> New Knowledge. https://wwwnc.cdc.C.IM
#Virology #AlzheimersDisease #NeuroDegeneration #Neuroscience #Immunology
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00181-3
Massive health-record review links viral illnesses to brain disease
Study ties common viruses such as flu to Alzheimerβs and other conditions β but the analysis has limitations, researchers warn.Kozlov, Max
https://apply.interfolio.com/118539
RT π
Daniel RΕ―ΕΎek's lab has been doing some great work studying this possibly common, but under-diagnosed, pathogen.
Their latest paper describes how they used a Leishmania expression system to produce TBEV virus-like particles (VLP).
When used as a vaccine, the VLPs provided full protection from lethal TBEV in mice.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105511
#virus #virology @virology
Suggested factors leading to collapse of bee colonies worldwide include pesticides, bacteria, & parasitic mites.
But the picture would not be complete unless we looked into the possible role of viral infections, too.
And so, welcome to the bee #virome :
"Nationwide genomic surveillance reveals the prevalence and evolution of honeybee viruses in China"
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01446-1
(shamelessly scooping @eddieholmes here π€)
#virus #virology @virology
Nationwide genomic surveillance reveals the prevalence and evolution of honeybee viruses in China - Microbiome
Background The economic and environmental value of honeybees has been severely challenged in recent years by the collapse of their colonies worldwide, often caused by outbreaks of infectious diseases.BioMed Central
#Virology #HostPathogen #RNASplicing
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3001934
Alternative splicing liberates a cryptic cytoplasmic isoform of mitochondrial MECR that antagonizes influenza virus
By studying how influenza virus engages the intercellular environment, this study reveals that host cells use alternative splicing to embed antiviral proteins in essential metabolic enzymes, potentially protecting host defenses from viral countermeasβ¦journals.plos.org
π² Two recent studies from China look at the truly wide diversity of RNA viruses found in ticks.
"Extensive diversity of RNA viruses in ticks revealed by metagenomics in northeastern China"
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011017
"Metavirome of 31 tick species provides a compendium of 1,801 RNA virus genomes"
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-022-01275-w
A lot of insights in these two studies, so I'll just point out a few things that I personally found interesting.
#virology @virology #RNA #virus #virome #InfectiousDisease
Extensive diversity of RNA viruses in ticks revealed by metagenomics in northeastern China
Author summary Ticks are important vectors to transmit many infectious agents. In recent years, many novel tick-borne viruses associated with human illness, including Alongshan virus, Songling virus, and Beiji nairovirus, have been identified in nortβ¦doi.org
"Israeli-led study claims to uncover 100,000 previously unknown viruses"
https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-led-study-uncovers-100000-previously-unknown-viruses/
and the original study: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)01118-7
Congrats again @Neri !
#viruses #virology
Israeli-led study claims to uncover 100,000 previously unknown viruses
Researchers hope groundbreaking findings into RNA pathogens could help develop new kinds of antimicrobial drugs and protect against agriculturally harmful fungi and parasiteswww.timesofisrael.com